Sir Isaac Newton

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Das Dokument beschäftigt sich mit dem Leben und Werk von Sir Isaac Newton. Es beginnt mit seiner Kindheit und Ausbildung, bei der er bereits ein Interesse an Experimenten und kritischem Denken zeigte. Es wird darauf eingegangen, wie er während einer Auszeit von der Universität die Grundlagen seiner Theorie der Schwerkraft entwickelte und sich auch mit Optik befasste. Newton wurde später Professor an der Universität und veröffentlichte schließlich sein Buch „Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica“, das als eines der bedeutendsten wissenschaftlichen Werke aller Zeiten gilt. Trotz seiner genialen Beiträge zur Wissenschaft hatte Newton aber auch ein schwieriges Ego und war empfindlich gegenüber Kritik. Nach einer psychischen Erkrankung beendete er seine wissenschaftliche Karriere und arbeitete danach als Münzdirektor. Newton starb im Jahr 1727 im Alter von 84 Jahren.
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Sir Isaac Newton Newton was born prematurely on Christmas Day, 1642 (new date: 4th of January 1643) in Woolsthorpe in Lincolnshire. His father died before he was born and his mother left him with her new husband while he was still a toddler. His grandfather took care of him and Isaac grew at his farm up. After he attended an elementary school he was sent to a grammar school in Grantham, Lincolnshire. He liked it to experiment e.g. he tried to determine the wind velocity of a storm by jumping in- and against the direction of the wind and compared the results with the results at zero wind. Two teachers, which saw this sober, silent, thinking lad begged his relatives to send him to university rather than work on the family farm. So in 1661, at the age of 18 he went to Trinity College, Cambridge. He studies mathematics, physics and classic languages. At this time he started to question the over 1300 years old wisdom of Aristotle. Gravity doesn t exist, things just had a tendency to fall to the ground. When his fellow students copied mindlessly the scripts, which they got from their teachers, Newton opened his notebook and wrote various philosophic questions and listed everything of what he thought it has to be questioned and criticized, from why things fly through the air to the cause of tides. From 1666 to 1667 the university was closed because of the outbreak of the plague. In this two years he was forced to stay at home, but while others did nothing, Isaac used that time to ...
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